Treatment of fabrics during weaving.



E. PREIN. TREATMENT OF FABRICS DURING WE AVING. APPLICATION FILED SBPT.9,1910.

1,083,462. Patented Jan. 6, 1914.

Wl'nwses:

COLUMBIA PLANOORAIH cu..\\'AsH|NGTON. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL PREIN, OF HANOVER, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO PREIN-GEWEBE AC'IIEN- GESELLSCHAFT, OF HANOVERJJNDEN, GERMANY, A FIRM.

TREATMENT OF FABRICS DURING WEAVING.

Application filed September 9, 1910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL Pnnm, mechanical engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 10" Am Bokemahle,

5 Hanover, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to the Treatment of Fabrics During Weaving; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

As is well known, during the weaving of fabrics the fibers become loose from the yarn, even when they have been first connected together by some preparation or are woven by the wet process. In the case of the fibers of the warp yarn, this takes place owing to the strong mutual friction during the formation of the shed and to the reciprocation of the reed. Some of the loosened fibers while on the loom are bent, crushed and compressed into the woven fabric, owing to the reed striking against them during the beating up of the weft, and owing tot-he plaiting of the threads situated above them. The fibers which are then still projecting from the surface of the fabric are removed by shearing, singeing and cleaning machines in order to make the fabric suitable for various purposes. In this way the fabric loses not only a large number of fibers which would otherwise ofier great resistance to tearing, but the weaving in of fibers which tend to become loose, and the violent removal of those which project, results in serious drawbacks. During shearing, the very sharp cutters which work at high speed not only remove 40 the projecting fibers but also out little knots and threads off, which damage is not at first noticeable and only shows unfavorable re sults when the fabric is tested as to its resistance to tearing as a completed length. 45 In the singeing process it is the heat, generally acting suddenly on the fabric, which makes all the fibers brittle, more particularly the single cell cotton fibers. A further important drawback is that the fibers which 50 have been woven in a curved and crushed state, remain in the fabric with a spreading force which has not been weakened in any way. If the woven material is treated later on for any technical purpose the fibers be- 55 come loose and project from the fabric as Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6, 1914.

Serial No. 581,200.

the spreading forces of the fibers and the adhering forces of the preparation act in opposition to each other. Even if the curved fibers and hairs are held during drying by mechanical pressure, which, as is well known in practice, is carried out in different ways in various fabrics according to the purpose for which they are intended, they are merely held fast but not weakened. They will also in this case gradually become loose and detached from their bed owing to the irregular movement of the fabric, changeable temperature and varying strains set upon the fabric with disadvantageous results.

The apparatus of the present invention hereinafter described, is intended to avoid the drawbacks in question. The Warp threads are rubbed with a moistened pad or the like immediately before being interwoven, in such manner that all fibers are caused to adhere straightened to their threads, in which position they are held by the threads when woven together. It is therefore of especial importance that the layin down of the fibers takes place exact y at the place where, and at t-he'moment when no further fiber loosening forces are brought to operate on the threads. As a material for laying down the fibers, moistened rubber sponge may for instance be used.

The invention may be carried out in a variety of ways. One construction of apparatus according to this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, showing also the neighboring parts of the loom.

The well known parts of the loom illustrated comprise the lay sword a, the bat-ten b, the reed c and post (Z.

According to this invention an arm (2 is provided with a guide slot f formed in it in which a projecting rib 9 formed on a long tank or reservoir 72. is free to slide. The tank carries the body 11 serving to lay down the fibers on the threads, which stands out a little distance from the upper opening of the tank and stretches over the whole width of the loom. In the lower part of the tank is a perforated plate 70 separating the liquid from the body z' and a space Z for the liquid for keeping the body 2' moist. The movement of the container h in the guiding slots is controlled on the one hand by the batten 7) which is provided with an elastic edge for reducing the shocks, and on the other hand by springs m. In the drawing the yarn is marked 12. and the fabric 0.

The weaving is effected in the usual manner. The batten 79 secured to the lay sword a during weaving strikes the tank It, thus tating the liquid in the chamber Z, and

pushes the tank 72 with its contents along the inclined groove f by means of the projecting guides g away from the fabric 0 and back until the reed 0 has beaten up the weft just shot in. During the return of the batten Z), the springs m force the tank It back into its original position, and the pad 2' thereby rubs the yarn and moistens the same, thus effecting the adhesion of the fibers to the yarn and straightening out the projecting fibers of the weft threads which each time form a new shed downward. Owing to the changing up and down movement, the threads above and below twist after being moistened so that the fibers are rubbed down several times on all sides. The extent. of the-length along which the threads are rubbed can be adjusted as required. The liquid which has been used up can be replaced by mechanical means. The fabric thus manufactured is better able to resistmechanical strains than that manufactured in the usual manner and more particularly fulfils modern requirements, where it is important to have a smooth fabric as, for instance, those used in the manufacture of balloon fabrics.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of a fabric in a loom, consisting of a moistened pad normally in contact with said threads in the path of the batten so that the latter moves the pad away from the threads, means for pressing the pad back in contact with said threads between the reed of the loom and the point of weaving upon the return of the batten, and means for guiding said pad during the movements thereof.

2. An apparatus for treating the Warp threads of a fabric in a loom, consisting of a moistened pad, means carried by the batten for moving said pad forward out of contact with said threads during the forward motion of the batten, spring means for press ing the pad back in contact with said threads betweenthe reed of theloom and the point of weaving and for then retaining the pad backward in contact with saidthreads until the next forward movement of the batten, and means for guiding said pad during the movements thereof.

3. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of a fabric in a loom, consisting of a moistened pad, means for moving said pad forward out of contact with said threads immediately before the reed beats in each weft thread and means for pressing the pad backward in contact with said threads bemovement of the loom for moving said pad along said threads without touching'the latter and spring means for pressing said pad back in contact with the threads to stroke the latter between the reed of theloom and the point of weaving. v

.5. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of. a fabric in a. loo-m consisting of a moistened pad, means for causing said pad to move to brush the threads in one direction between the reed of the loom and the point ofweaving, and means for withdrawing said pad'from contact .with thethreads during the return movement.

6. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of a fabric consisting of a moistened pad, :means for applying said pad to the threads, and means for moving said pad along the threads to operate upon th point oft-he threads about to be woven intothe fabricand for withdrawing the pad from contact with the threads during the return movement.

7. An apparatus for treating the warp threads ofa fabric consisting of a moistened pad, a movable member 1 carrying said pad, andmeanssfor causing said member to pass through. a path of such a contour as. to cause said padto operate upon thethreads atthe point of weaving while passing alongthe threads, .andto return the pad to. its original position out of contact with said threads.

*8. An apparatus for treating the warp threads-of a fabric immediately beforegthey are woven into the fabric, consisting 'ofa vessel containing liquid inv combination with alloom having a reed, a pad arranged on said vessel, a perforated plate separating said pad fromsaid liquid, slotted brackets on'the sides of the loom, ribs on said vessel engagingin theslotted'brackets, means for passing'the pad along the threads in one direction .when the reed moves back, and means for withdrawing the pad from the threads and moving it back when the reed moves forward.

9. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of a fabric, consisting of a moistened pad, a member for carrying said pad, means for :keeping saidpad moist, and means .for causing said member to pass through a path of such a contour as to cause said pad tooperate upon the threads at the point of weaving, while passing along the threads, andto return the pad to its originalposition out of contact with said threads.

10. An apparatus for treating the warp threads .of a fabric consisting of a vessel carrying liquid, a mounting for said vessel,

a pad arranged on said vessel, a connection between said pad and the liquid, and means for causing said mounting to pass through a path of such a contour as to cause said pad to operate upon the threads at the point of weaving while passing along the threads, and to return the pad to its original posit-ion out of contact with said threads.

11. An apparatus for treating the warp threads of a fabric, comprising in combination a loom provided with a reed and lay, a vessel carrying liquid, a pad carried by said vessel, lateral ribs upon said vessel, a perforated plate separating said pad from the liquid, brackets upon the frame of the loom formed with slots adapted to receive said lateral ribs and inclined away from the warp threads in the direction of forward motion of the reed, means actuated by the lay operable upon said vessel for moving said pad away from said threads when th reed moves forward and springs for returning the vessel with the pad in contact with said threads when the reed returns.

12. An apparatus for treating the warp Copies of this patent may be obtained for threads of a fabric comprising in combination a loom provided with a reed and a lay, a vesselcarrying liquid, a pad arranged in said vessel, a perforated plate for separating said pad from the liquid, brackets upon the frame of the loom, provided with slots inclined away from the warp threads in the direction of forward motion of the reed, means for guiding the vessel in the direction of the slots in said brackets, means actuated by the lay operable on said vessel for moving said pad away from said threads when the reed moves forward, an elastic head upon the lay for reducing shocks and springs for returning the vessel with the pad in contact with said threads when the reed returns.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL PREIN.

Witnesses MARIE DIETZE, ANNA KUHLMEYER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0." v 

